Iran claims 60 commercial aircraft lost in US and Israeli strikes

Why the loss of 60 commercial aircraft could be as much as half of Iran's pre-war active fleet depending on how many were operational aircraft and how many were government aircraft.

Mahan Air A340-600

Iran’s Association of Iranian Airlines says the US and Israeli strikes have destroyed 60 Iranian aircraft. While it is impossible to confirm at this time whether that number is accurate, the assessment is consistent with what is known about the war.

The targeting of Iranian commercial aircraft points to the dual-use nature of such aircraft in Iran.

Iran: 60 commercial aircraft destroyed or damaged

Iranian reformist-leaning daily newspaper, Shargh newspaper, based in Tehran, reported, “60 aircraft have been taken out of operation / 30 trillion tomans in losses to airlines during the war.”

Shargh elaborated, “During the war, 7 airports in the country were attacked. Additionally, the secretary of the national association of airline companies says that 60 passenger aircraft were also taken out of service.”

The newspaper did not add many more details to their post on X (formerly Twitter) but did add, “the airports of Mehrabad (Tehran), Tabriz, and Kashan suffered the most damage.”

Many destroyed Iran commercial aircraft
Photo: @FSeifikaran/X

It is unclear whether all of these aircraft were commercial or also included other types, such as government VIP aircraft.

A large share of Iran’s operational commercial fleet

If the number is accurate, then it would represent a significant share of Iran’s estimated pre-war fleet of commercial aircraft. Even before the war, Iran was struggling to keep enough aircraft proverbially duct-taped together to meet its commercial needs.

One of the more unusual aircraft types in Iran is the A340. As these are being retired around the world, they make their way to the Middle East and end up in airline fleets. They are comparatively straightforward to maintain, and parts can be purchased on the second-hand market.

In 2022, Radio Free Europe reported that while Iranian airlines had around 340 commercial aircraft, only 120 to 130 were operational. In April 2024, The Tehran Times reported Iran had received 66 aircraft over two years, often through shell companies to avoid sanctions.

The OSINT account, Babak Taghvaee – The Crisis Watch, reported, “Due to the destruction of Iranian government aircraft by the Israeli Air Force,” the Iranian delegation had to fly in Meraj Airlines Airbus A320/321 aircraft.

Israel’s strikes on Iranian commercial-type aircraft

In March, AGN reported that Israel had targeted around 16 commercial-type aircraft and destroyed them on the ground at Tehran’s Mehrabad International Airport. Satellite images at the time confirmed that around that number had been destroyed.

Iran commercial aircraft destroyed on the ground.
Photo: @FSeifikaran/X

This article refers to these aircraft as “commercial-type” because it is unclear how many Boeing and Airbus aircraft were used by the Iranian Air Force or government. It is unclear if reporting and satellite imagery always distinguish between civil and military aircraft.

Among the aircraft destroyed over the duration of the conflict are reported to be the world’s only KC-747 tanker and a VIP government Airbus A340 aircraft.

Israel claimed these aircraft were affiliated with the terrorist-designated IRGC Quds Force. It has long been documented that some of Iran’s commercial aircraft have been used to smuggle weapons and cash to Hezbollah and other militant actors in the region over the years.

In 2024, European countries sanctioned Iran’s flag carrier, Iran Air, for transporting weapons to Russia for its invasion of Ukraine.

OSINT accounts have been hampered by satellite imaging companies like Planet Labs, which withhold imagery of Iran and the region of conflict in the Middle East for 14 days. Satellite imagery has still been available from Chinese satellites, but it has significantly restricted the ability to rapidly assess damage.

Featured Image: Papas Dos / Wikimedia Commons

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