Three aircraft carriers lead allied show of force against China in Philippine Sea

Why three aircraft carriers from three allied nations are currently exercising in the Philippine Sea as Chinese Navy accidently rams Chinese Coast Guard while harassing the Philippine Coast Guard.

Joint strike force Philippines

In response to an increasingly assertive China, three aircraft carriers and six allied navies are presenting a show of force in the North Philippine Sea. This comes as China pushes its claim to waters in the region, and allied nations push back.

Three carriers and a total of four flat tops in the Philippine Sea

The aircraft carriers include the United Kingdom’s HMS Prince of Wales and the associated Carrier Strike Group. She is carrying British F-35B fighter jets, which are shared between the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force.

On the American side is the Nimitz-class USS George Washington nuclear supercarrier with Carrier Air Wing 5 on board. From Japan is the JS Kaga.

Carrier Strike Force Philippine Sea
Photo: Royal Navy

Due to restrictions in the Japanese constitution forbidding the country from having offensive weapons like aircraft carriers, the JS Kaga is officially classified as a multi-purpose destroyer. She is functionally a helicopter carrier that is currently undergoing transition to be a light carrier able to operate F-35B fighter jets.

first F-35 landing on a Japanese ship
Photo: UK Carrier Strike Group

A fourth flat-top present, not typically considered an aircraft carrier, was the United States Navy USS America amphibious assault ship. These amphibious assault ships can also operate F-35B fighter jets.

Over a dozen ships are taking part in the exercise, including warships from the Norwegian, Spanish, and Australian navies.

Multinational efforts to contain China

According to Task and Purpose, the Japanese Maritime Self-Defence Force stated the exercise is intended to “train crews on cross-deck operations and anti-submarine warfare.”

Royal Navy carrier strike group for operation highmast
Photo: Royal Navy

Task and Purpose noted that earlier this year, JS Kaga and another American supercarrier, the USS Carl Vinson, conducted similar multilateral operations as part of Exercise Pacific Steller 2025 in the Philippine Sea with ships from other countries like France.

The US Navy at the time stated that it was an effort “to maintain an open and inclusive Indo-Pacific, free of all forms of coercion.”

Separately, a Chinese Navy destroyer and a Chinese Coast Guard vessel rammed into each other, as they were harassing a Philippine Coast Guard ship in waters claimed by both the Philippines and China. Images online show the Chinese Coast Guard ship suffered significant damage to its bow.

China’s rising aircraft carrier fleet

The show of aircraft carrier strength comes as China rapidly grows its aircraft carrier fleet. The Chinese Navy commissioned its first carrier, the ex-Soviet Varyag, as the Type 001 Liaoning, into its navy in 2012.

Now it’s the third carrier, and the first indigenously designed and produced supercarrier, the Type 003 Fujian, is undergoing sea trials. China is known to already be working on building a fourth, and this time, nuclear-powered aircraft carrier.

Chinese Fujian aircraft carrier
Photo: Chinese state media

China is also working to develop a new fighter jet for its growing fleet of carriers. The fifth-generation Shenyang J-35 appears to have entered serial production, and it is believed to be coming with a carrier-capable version.

Separately, the Chinese have recently reported that the leading Chengdu J-20 stealth fighter has managed to fly between Korea and Japan undetected. It is unclear if it was undetected or not, but Chinese media are presenting it as breaching the fortified belt of island chains that the US uses to contain China.

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